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X.509 certificate template examples

Use the following example templates as a starting point when creating X.509 certificate templates for common PKI use cases.

Each example demonstrates a recommended template configuration, including key settings, certificate extensions, and usage constraints. You can use these examples as provided or customize them to meet your organization's security, compliance, and operational requirements.

Table 1. X.509 certificate template examples

Template

Description

Client authentication

Issues certificates for user, device, or application authentication

Commonly used for mutual TLS (mTLS), device identity, VPN access, and certificate-based authentication

TLS

Issues server certificates used to establish encrypted TLS connections

Includes settings commonly required for web servers, APIs, gateways, and other TLS-enabled services

Intermediate CA

Issues subordinate Certificate Authority (CA) certificates that can be used to sign and issue additional certificates within a PKI hierarchy

MLDSA (Dilithium)

Issues post-quantum ML-DSA (Dilithium) certificates

Designed to provide quantum-resistant digital signatures and support post-quantum cryptography deployments

SLHDSA (Sphincs)

Issues post-quantum SLH-DSA (SPHINCS+) certificates

Commonly used for providing hash-based digital signatures for environments requiring quantum-resistant authentication

FNDSA (Falcon)

Issues post-quantum FN-DSA (Falcon) certificates that provide quantum-resistant digital signatures with smaller signature sizes and efficient verification

Suitable for environments where bandwidth, storage, or certificate size considerations are important

ML-KEM

Issues certificates intended for quantum-safe key establishment scenarios using the ML-KEM algorithm

Used for enabling secure key exchange in post-quantum environments

Composite

Issues composite certificates that combine multiple cryptographic algorithms within a single certificate to support hybrid and migration-focused PKI deployments