Logjam attack
Related error
"This server is vulnerable to Logjam attacks. Make sure you have the TLSv1.2 protocol enabled on your server. Disable support for any export suites on your server and all insecure ciphers."
Problem
During the 1990s, the US government set up restrictions for exporting encryption systems. These rules, aimed at SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0, enforced support for weaker DHE_EXPORT cipher suites. Eventually, the rules were changed, and export restrictions were removed. Unfortunately, some TLS servers still used a two-group configuration: 1024-bit for standard DHE key exchanges and 512-bit for legacy DHE_EXPORT, while all browsers still support weak DHE_EXPORT ciphers.
A team of researchers revealed (see Imperfect Forward Secrecy: How Diffie-Hellman Fails in Practice) that old DHE export-grade cryptographic suites are still used. They also discovered that servers with enabled support for these DHE_EXPORT cipher suites could allow a man-in-the-middle (MITM) to trick clients that support weak DHE_EXPORT cipher suites into downgrading their connection to a 512-bit key exchange. Then MITM attackers could use preconfigured data along with today’s computing power to crack the keys. Once the encryption of the session is cracked, the MITM can steal any "secured" personal information from the session.
To be vulnerable, both these conditions must be met:
The server must support DHE_EXPORT cipher suites.
The client must support DHE_EXPORT cipher suites.
Solution
Server-side
Use DigiCert Discovery to scan for vulnerable servers and see a list of enabled ciphers.
Disable support for all DHE_EXPORT cipher suites on your servers.
Use a 2048-bit or stronger for all private keys for any SSL/TLS certificate.
Enable elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) key exchange on their servers.
Client-side
Vulnerable clients include Internet Explorer, Chrome, Safari, and Mozilla.
Update browsers to the most recent version.
Watch for updates on other client-side software to address security concerns.
As part of the research team's disclosure, they created a comprehensive guide to mitigate this vulnerability for both servers and clients. See Guide to Deploying Diffie-Hellman for TLS.